Hepatorenal Syndrome and Hyponatremia
نویسنده
چکیده
• Hyponatremia and hepatorenal syndrome are complications that occur in patients with cirrhosis and ascites and represent a stage of “further” decompensation of cirrhosis • Worsened vasodilatation with consequent non-osmotic release of arginine-vasopressin and renal vasoconstriction are the main pathogenic mechanism for hyponatremia and hepatorenal syndrome, respectively • Both hyponatremia and hepatorenal syndrome portend a poor prognosis in the patient with cirrhosis and ascites • Main therapy of hyponatremia consists of AVP receptor antagonists • Main therapy of hepatorenal syndrome consists mainly of vasoconstrictors • Both therapies are considered “bridge’ therapies to liver transplantation
منابع مشابه
Hyponatremia and Hepatorenal Syndrome.
Hyponatremia and hepatorenal syndrome are severe complications in patients with cirrhosis and ascites resulting from circulatory abnormalities (splanchnic and systemic vasodilatation) that develop with portal hypertension. Both conditions are associated with an increased risk of death. Hyponatremia and renal failure may develop in patients with cirrhosis due to causes other than portal hyperten...
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Hyponatremia is a frequent complication of the advanced liver disease, being, as the hepatorenal syndrome, a consequence of the important circulatory dysfunction of cirrhosis. Hyponatremia is determined by the impaired capacity of the kidney to excrete free water, which leads to water retention disproportionate to sodium retention, thus causing low plasma osmolarity. Hyponatremia in cirrhosis i...
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Cirrhosis is a progressive liver disorder characterized by a distorted liver architecture due to fibrosis which eventually leads to portal hypertension. It is a common cause of mortality accounting for over 26,000 deaths annually in the United States [1]. The natural course of patients with cirrhosis is frequently complicated by the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal space in the form of a...
متن کاملDilutional hyponatremia in patients with cirrhosis and ascites.
OBJECTIVES To analyze the predisposing factors, modifications of vasoactive systems, and prognosis of patients with cirrhosis and hyponatremia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-four patients with hyponatremia (serum sodium level of <130 mEq/L after 5 days of hyponatremic diet and no diuretic therapy). Twenty cirrhotic patients served as controls. We measured plasma renin activity and levels of plas...
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Ascites, dilutional hyponatremia and hepatorenal syndrome are three clinical manifestations of the same physiopathological disorder: cirrhotic portal hypertension, hyperproduction of nitric oxide, arterial vasodilation with reduction of efficient arterial volume, which have as consequences renal vasoconstriction, sympathetic stimulation, the stimulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system an...
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